MOHAMMED ALGABGAB¹
Michal Tombs²
1 A PhD student in Medical Education, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4YS
2 Reader in Medical Education, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff 

Clinical feedback is a critical component of formative assessment in EMS education.However,research suggests that students and faculty face a variety of challenges and highlighted various training needs of clinical supervisors.The aim of this study was to ascertain the way in which these training needs can best be addressed.The study aimed to identify and propose a strategy to support EMS institutions in Saudi Arabia in developing a supportive framework for clinical supervisors that promotes effective delivery of clinical feedback.This study employed a merged-method approach using a modified Delphi methodology across three rounds.The participants included an expert panel of deans,directors,and clinical supervisors across EMS education in Saudi Arabia,with a prerequisite of experience in EMS clinical supervision or faculty support roles for clinical feedback.In the first round,interviews were conducted that informed the development of a Delphi questionnaire.The second and third rounds used an online survey,that consisted of 73items divided into three categories:clinical feedback training needs and support,ongoing support and quality assurance,and clinical feedback guidelines and tools.Twelve EMS experts participated in the first round,39 in the second,and38 completed the third round.A consensus threshold of 75% was established, with items reaching this agreement deemed accepted or rejected. 

Consensus was reached on 66 outof 88 items across the three categories:1)Clinical Feedback Training(44 out of 59 items);2)Clinical Feedback Quality Assurance(11 out of 13 items);and3)Guidelines and Tools for Improving Clinical Feedback(11 out of 16 items). 

Participants agreed on how prior clinical feedback challenges can be best addressed through training,support,and guidelines,emphasising the importance of formal educational training and workshops,mentorship,peer observation,and ongoing support for clinical supervisors.Interestingly,clinical supervisors expressed a preference for a mixture of face to face and online methods of training.Simulated scenarios are essential for realistic,risk-free clinical feedback training.The need for collaboration among all Saudi EMS institutions for quality assurance was highlighted,emphasising shared responsibility in ensuring clinical feedback quality. 

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